Introduction
Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls is consistently elevated. It is a major risk factor
for cardiovascular diseases, including heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. Due to its often asymptomatic nature, hypertension is frequently referred to as a “silent killer.”
Definition
Hypertension is defined as a sustained elevation of arterial blood pressure. According to the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA), hypertension is
diagnosed when the systolic blood pressure (SBP) is consistently ≥130 mm Hg or the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is ≥80 mm Hg.
The exact cause of hypertension is often unknown, and it is typically classified into two main types:
Several risk factors contribute to the development of hypertension:
Hypertension results from complex interactions between various physiological mechanisms that regulate blood pressure, including:
Hypertension is classified into several categories based on blood pressure readings:
| S.N. | Types | SBP | DBP |
| 1 | Normal Blood Pressure | SBP< 120 mm Hg | DBP< 80 mm Hg |
| 2 | Elevated Blood Pressure | SBP120-129 mm | DBP< 80 mm Hg |
| 3 | Stage 1 Hypertension | SBP130-139 mm | DBP80-89 mm Hg |
| 4 | Stage 2 Hypertension | SBP≥ 140 mm Hg | DBP≥ 90 mm Hg |
| 5 | Hypertensive Crisis | SBP> 180 mm Hg and/or | DBP> 120 mm Hg, requiring immediate medical attention |
This is only Demo Note.
